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Answer set programming is a prominent declarative programming paradigm used in formulating combinatorial search problems and implementing distinct knowledge representation formalisms. It is common that several related and yet subs...
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Answer set programming is a prominent declarative programming paradigm used in formulating combinatorial search problems and implementing distinct knowledge representation formalisms. It is common that several related and yet substantially different answer set programs exist for a given problem. Sometimes these encodings may display significantly different performance. Uncovering precise formal links between these programs is often important and yet far from trivial. This paper claims the correctness of a number of interesting program rewrit-ings. Notably, they assume programs with variables and such important language features as choice, disjunction, and aggregates.
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The COVID-19 pandemic ushered in an era of unprecedented hardship worldwide, bringing uncertainty to new levels as people's routines were disrupted and what was once considered normal was called into question. Citizens initiated o...
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The COVID-19 pandemic ushered in an era of unprecedented hardship worldwide, bringing uncertainty to new levels as people's routines were disrupted and what was once considered normal was called into question. Citizens initiated online local communities to support information-seeking amidst the pandemic. In this paper, we explore what types of information were sought and how people engaged in uncertainty reduction with others in their area during the initial phase of COVID-19. We conducted content analysis on a pandemic-relief online local community. We found that people leveraged local networks to get updates about timely situations in local areas, clear confusion around local COVID-19 regulations, and seek confirmation on emerging social norms. However, there existed inaccurate information exchange about regulations and conflicting opinions on social norms. We provide design suggestions to increase the potentials of uncertainty management through online local communities.
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摘要 :
The COVID-19 pandemic ushered in an era of unprecedented hardship worldwide, bringing uncertainty to new levels as people's routines were disrupted and what was once considered normal was called into question. Citizens initiated o...
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The COVID-19 pandemic ushered in an era of unprecedented hardship worldwide, bringing uncertainty to new levels as people's routines were disrupted and what was once considered normal was called into question. Citizens initiated online local communities to support information-seeking amidst the pandemic. In this paper, we explore what types of information were sought and how people engaged in uncertainty reduction with others in their area during the initial phase of COVID-19. We conducted content analysis on a pandemic-relief online local community. We found that people leveraged local networks to get updates about timely situations in local areas, clear confusion around local COVID-19 regulations, and seek confirmation on emerging social norms. However, there existed inaccurate information exchange about regulations and conflicting opinions on social norms. We provide design suggestions to increase the potentials of uncertainty management through online local communities.
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This paper reviews logical approaches and challenges raised for explaining AI. We discuss the issues of presenting explanations as accurate computational models that users cannot understand or use. Then, we introduce pragmatic app...
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This paper reviews logical approaches and challenges raised for explaining AI. We discuss the issues of presenting explanations as accurate computational models that users cannot understand or use. Then, we introduce pragmatic approaches that consider explanation a sort of speech act that commits to felicity conditions, including intelligibility, trustworthiness, and usefulness to the users. We argue Explainable AI (XAI) is more than a matter of accurate and complete computational explanation, that it requires pragmatics to address the issues it seeks to address. At the end of this paper, we draw a historical analogy to usability. This term was understood logically and pragmatically, but that has evolved empirically through time to become more prosperous and more functional.
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In answer set programming, two groups of rules are considered strongly equivalent if replacing one group by the other within any program does not affect the set of stable models. Jan Heuer has designed and implemented a system tha...
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In answer set programming, two groups of rules are considered strongly equivalent if replacing one group by the other within any program does not affect the set of stable models. Jan Heuer has designed and implemented a system that verifies strong equivalence of programs in the ASP language mini-GRINGO. The design is based on the syntactic transformation τ~* that converts mini-GRiNGO programs into first-order formulas. Heuer's assertion about τ ~* that was supposed to justify this procedure turned out to be incorrect, and in this paper we propose an alternative justification for his algorithm. We show also that if τ~* is replaced by the simpler and more natural translation v then the algorithm will still produce correct results.
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Older adults and people suffering from neurodegenerative disease often experience difficulty controlling gait during locomotion, ultimately increasing their risk of falling. To combat these effects, researchers and clinicians have...
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Older adults and people suffering from neurodegenerative disease often experience difficulty controlling gait during locomotion, ultimately increasing their risk of falling. To combat these effects, researchers and clinicians have used metronomes as assistive devices to improve movement timing in hopes of reducing their risk of falling. Historically, researchers in this area have relied on metronomes with isochronous interbeat intervals, which may be problematic because normal healthy gait varies considerably from one step to the next. More recently, researchers have advocated the use of irregular metronomes embedded with statistical properties found in healthy populations. In this paper, we explore the effect of both regular and irregular metronomes on many statistical properties of interstride intervals. Furthermore, we investigate how these properties react to mechanical perturbation in the form of a halted treadmill belt while walking. Our results demonstrate that metronomes that are either isochronous or random break down the inherent structure of healthy gait. Metronomes with statistical properties similar to healthy gait seem to preserve those properties, despite a strong mechanical perturbation. We discuss the future development of this work in the context of networked augmented reality metronome devices.
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摘要 :
Older adults and people suffering from neurodegenerative disease often experience difficulty controlling gait during locomotion, ultimately increasing their risk of falling. To combat these effects, researchers and clinicians have...
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Older adults and people suffering from neurodegenerative disease often experience difficulty controlling gait during locomotion, ultimately increasing their risk of falling. To combat these effects, researchers and clinicians have used metronomes as assistive devices to improve movement timing in hopes of reducing their risk of falling. Historically, researchers in this area have relied on metronomes with isochronous interbeat intervals, which may be problematic because normal healthy gait varies considerably from one step to the next. More recently, researchers have advocated the use of irregular metronomes embedded with statistical properties found in healthy populations. In this paper, we explore the effect of both regular and irregular metronomes on many statistical properties of interstride intervals. Furthermore, we investigate how these properties react to mechanical perturbation in the form of a halted treadmill belt while walking. Our results demonstrate that metronomes that are either isochronous or random break down the inherent structure of healthy gait. Metronomes with statistical properties similar to healthy gait seem to preserve those properties, despite a strong mechanical perturbation. We discuss the future development of this work in the context of networked augmented reality metronome devices.
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This work explores the feasibility of a learning analytic that would provide high level engagement data to instructors based on students' text artifacts in online learning systems. Student posts from an online lecture video system...
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This work explores the feasibility of a learning analytic that would provide high level engagement data to instructors based on students' text artifacts in online learning systems. Student posts from an online lecture video system were collected and manually coded by engagement using the ICAP framework. Analyses show what features are most indicative of engagement and the performance of using a neural network to classify posts by engagement.
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